铜雕佛像工艺特色
工序
working procedure
铜雕的制作一般都要经过金属冶炼、锻造、雕刻、镀金、磨光、上红等几个重要的工序。工序比较复杂,工艺也十分考究。
Copper carving is usually made through several important processes, such as metal smelting, forging, carving, gold plating, polishing, red and so on. The process is complex and the process is exquisite.
铸造方法
Casting method
铜雕的铸造方法主要有两种,即失蜡和模具法。
There are two main casting methods for copper carving, i. e. wax loss and die casting.
失蜡法:用蜡制成模,外敷造型材料,成为整体铸型。
Loss of wax method: wax is used to make molds, and external moulding materials are applied to form integral moulds.
模具法:运用广泛,大型铜雕一般都要经过分件浇铸,然后衔接成一个整体。
Mould method: widely used, large-scale copper carving is usually cast by parts, and then joined into a whole.
熔铜法:运用无模可控熔铸工艺,“无模”使铜液自然流畅而解形;“可控”使铜液在艺术家掌控中熔意。
Copper melting method: Using the technology of Moldless controllable melting and casting, the "moldless" can make the copper melt flow smoothly and dissolve naturally, and the "controllable" can make the copper melt in the artist's control.
铸造法:运用无模可控熔铸工艺,“无模”使铜液自然流畅而解形;“可控”使铜液在艺术家掌控中熔意。
Casting Method: Using the technology of Moldless controllable melting and casting, the "moldless" can make the liquid copper flow smoothly and dissolve naturally, and the "controllable" can make the liquid copper melt in the artist's control.
造型与纹饰
Modeling and decoration
其造型多成威严粗犷、端庄沉稳之态,表现出坚实浑厚、富丽辉煌的质感。铜雕的纹饰主要为饕餮纹,或以动物头部造型,再以鸟、兽、虫、鱼部分形体组成抽象的图案来衬托铜雕造型。
Its shape is mostly majestic, dignified and steady, showing a solid, rich and brilliant texture. The decoration of copper carving is mainly glutton pattern, or animal head shape, and then to birds, animals, insects, fish parts of the body to form an abstract pattern to foil the copper carving model.